What is excel - laimocguavig

What is Excel

This function calculates the number of cells in the range B2 to B41 with time spent greater than or equal to 5 minutes. ISREF Value refers to a reference. ExcelPackage is another open-source project that provides server-side generation of Microsoft Excel 2007 spreadsheets.

Solution: Again, you can use any of the three ways discussed above. Using external data Excel users can access external via Microsoft Office features such as for example. In the second line, the number one is added to the fraction, and again Excel displays only 15 figures.

What is Excel? A beginner's overview - What is a spreadsheet? In our above example, you can see that the first row row 1 has a blue background, bold text, and each cell has its text centered.

Microsoft Excel is a developed by for , , and. It features calculation, graphing tools, , and a programming language called. It has been a very widely applied spreadsheet for these platforms, especially since version 5 in 1993, and it has replaced as the industry standard for spreadsheets. Excel forms part of. Microsoft Excel Main article: Microsoft Excel has the basic features of all spreadsheets, using a grid of cells arranged in numbered rows and letter-named columns to organize data manipulations like arithmetic operations. It has a battery of supplied functions to answer statistical, engineering and financial needs. In addition, it can display data as line graphs, histograms and charts, and with a very limited three-dimensional graphical display. It allows sectioning of data to view its dependencies on various factors for different perspectives using and the scenario manager. It has a programming aspect, Visual Basic for Applications, allowing the user to employ a wide variety of numerical methods, for example, for solving differential equations of mathematical physics, and then reporting the results back to the spreadsheet. It also has a variety of interactive features allowing user interfaces that can completely hide the spreadsheet from the user, so the spreadsheet presents itself as a so-called application, or decision support system DSS , via a custom-designed user interface, for example, a stock analyzer, or in general, as a design tool that asks the user questions and provides answers and reports. In a more elaborate realization, an Excel application can automatically poll external databases and measuring instruments using an update schedule, analyze the results, make a report or slide show, and e-mail these presentations on a regular basis to a list of participants. Excel was not designed to be used as a database. Functions Excel 2016 has 484 functions. Of these, 360 existed prior to Excel 2010. Microsoft classifies these functions in 14 categories. Macro programming VBA programming Subroutine in Excel calculates the square of named column variable x read from the spreadsheet, and writes it into the named column variable y. The Windows version of Excel supports programming through Microsoft's VBA , which is a dialect of. Programming with VBA allows spreadsheet manipulation that is awkward or impossible with standard spreadsheet techniques. Programmers may write code directly using the Visual Basic Editor VBE , which includes a window for writing code, debugging code, and code module organization environment. The user can implement numerical methods as well as automating tasks such as formatting or data organization in VBA and guide the calculation using any desired intermediate results reported back to the spreadsheet. VBA was removed from Mac Excel 2008, as the developers did not believe that a timely release would allow porting the VBA engine natively to Mac OS X. VBA was restored in the next version, Mac Excel 2011, although the build lacks support for objects, impacting some high level developer tools. A common and easy way to generate VBA code is by using the Recorder. The Macro Recorder records actions of the user and generates VBA code in the form of a macro. These actions can then be repeated automatically by running the macro. The macros can also be linked to different trigger types like keyboard shortcuts, a command button or a graphic. The actions in the macro can be executed from these trigger types or from the generic toolbar options. The VBA code of the macro can also be edited in the VBE. Certain features such as loop functions and screen prompt by their own properties, and some graphical display items, cannot be recorded but must be entered into the VBA module directly by the programmer. Advanced users can employ user prompts to create an interactive program, or react to events such as sheets being loaded or changed. Macro Recorded code may not be compatible with Excel versions. Some code that is used in Excel 2010 cannot be used in Excel 2003. Making a Macro that changes the cell colours and making changes to other aspects of cells may not be backward compatible. VBA code interacts with the spreadsheet through the Excel Object Model, a vocabulary identifying spreadsheet objects, and a set of supplied functions or methods that enable reading and writing to the spreadsheet and interaction with its users for example, through custom toolbars or command bars and message boxes. User-created VBA execute these actions and operate like macros generated using the macro recorder, but are more flexible and efficient. History From its first version Excel supported end user programming of macros automation of repetitive tasks and user defined functions extension of Excel's built-in function library. In early versions of Excel these programs were written in a macro language whose statements had formula syntax and resided in the cells of special purpose macro sheets stored with file extension. XLM was the default macro language for Excel through Excel 4. Beginning with version 5. All versions of Excel, including Excel 2010 are capable of running an XLM macro, though Microsoft discourages their use. Charts made using Microsoft Excel Excel supports , , or generated from specified groups of cells. The generated graphic component can either be embedded within the current sheet, or added as a separate object. These displays are dynamically updated if the content of cells change. For example, suppose that the important design requirements are displayed visually; then, in response to a user's change in trial values for parameters, the curves describing the design change shape, and their points of intersection shift, assisting the selection of the best design. Add-ins Additional features are available using. File formats Excel Spreadsheet. XLS as its primary format. Although supporting and encouraging the use of new XML-based formats as replacements, Excel 2007 remained backwards-compatible with the traditional, binary formats. In addition, most versions of Microsoft Excel can read , , , , and other legacy formats. Support for some older file formats was removed in Excel 2007. The file formats were mainly from DOS-based programs. Binary has created documentation of the Excel format. Since then Microsoft made the Excel binary format specification available to freely download. XML Spreadsheet Main article: The XML Spreadsheet format introduced in Excel 2002 is a simple, based format missing some more advanced features like storage of VBA macros. Though the intended file extension for this format is. This feature is widely used by third-party applications e. The following example will be correctly opened by Excel if saved either as Book1. The first of these. Excel 2007 formats Format Extension Description Excel Workbook. In reality a compressed archive with a directory structure of text documents. Functions as the primary replacement for the former binary. The replacement for the old. Inherent macro support because of the file purpose. Old file extensions Format Extension Description. To save the chart and spreadsheet save as. XLC is not supported in Excel 2007 or in any newer versions of Excel. Template A pre-formatted spreadsheet created by the user or by Microsoft Excel. DLL Code written in VBA may access functions in a DLL, typically this is used to access the Windows API Workspace. As the name suggests, it allows applications to supply data to others for calculation and display. It is very common in financial markets, being used to connect to important financial data services such as and. Object Linking and Embedding: allows a Windows application to control another to enable it to format or calculate data. Using external data Excel users can access external via Microsoft Office features such as for example. Excel files themselves may be updated using a Microsoft supplied driver. Excel can accept data in real time through several programming interfaces, which allow it to communicate with many data sources such as Bloomberg and Reuters through addins such as. In spite of its many issues DDE remains the most common way for data to reach traders in financial markets. Starting with Windows Vista, Microsoft no longer supports the facility. Alternatively, provides browsing within Microsoft Excel. Export and migration of spreadsheets Programmers have produced to open Excel spreadsheets in a variety of applications and environments other than Microsoft Excel. These include opening Excel documents on the web using either controls, or plugins like the. The project provides libraries for reading and writing Excel spreadsheet files. ExcelPackage is another open-source project that provides server-side generation of Microsoft Excel 2007 spreadsheets. Excel spreadsheets can be accessed from with and. These types of passwords are used primarily for shared work on a document. The only type of password that can prevent a trespasser from gaining access to a document is password to open a document. The cryptographic strength of this kind of protection depends strongly on the Microsoft Excel version that was used to create the document. In Microsoft Excel 95 and earlier versions, password to open is converted to a 16-bit that can be instantly cracked. As regards services which use e. Password-Find , it takes up to several seconds to remove protection. In addition, password-cracking programs can passwords at a rate of hundreds of thousands of passwords a second, which not only lets them decrypt a document, but also find the original password. Due to the CSP, an Excel file can't be decrypted, and thus the password to open can't be removed, though the brute-force attack speed remains quite high. Therefore, users who did not changed the default settings lack reliable protection of their documents. The situation changed fundamentally in Excel 2007, where the modern algorithm with a key of 128 bits started being used for decryption, and a 50,000-fold use of the hash function reduced the speed of brute-force attacks down to hundreds of passwords per second. In Excel 2010, the strength of the protection by the default was increased two times due to the use of a 100,000-fold SHA1 to convert a password to a key. Microsoft Excel Viewer is a freeware program for viewing and printing spreadsheet documents created by Excel. Excel Viewer is similar to in functionality. There is not a current version for the. Excel Viewer is available for and , such as the. It is also possible to open Excel files using certain online tools and services. Further information: Other errors specific to Excel include , mod function errors, date limitations and the Excel 2007 error. Statistical functions The accuracy and convenience of statistical tools in Excel has been criticized, as mishandling missing data, as returning incorrect values due to inept handling of round-off and large numbers, as only selectively updating calculations on a spreadsheet when some cell values are changed, and as having a limited set of statistical tools. Microsoft has announced some of these issues are addressed in Excel 2010. Excel MOD function error Excel has issues with. In the case of excessively large results, Excel will return the error warning NUM! Fictional leap day in the year 1900 Excel includes February 29, 1900, incorrectly treating 1900 as a , even though e. The bug originated from deliberately implemented to save computer memory , and was also purposely implemented in Excel, for the purpose of. This legacy has later been carried over into file format. Thus a not necessarily whole number greater than or equal to 61 interpreted as a date and time is the real number of days after December 30, 1899, 0:00, a non-negative number less than 60 is the number of days after December 31, 1899, 0:00, and numbers with whole part 60 represent the fictional day. Date range Excel supports dates with years in the range 1900-9999, except that December 31, 1899 can be entered as 0 and is displayed as 0-jan-1900. Converting a fraction of a day into hours, minutes and days by treating it as a moment on the day January 1, 1900, does not work for a negative fraction. Conversion problems Entering text that happens to be in a form that is interpreted as a date, the text can be unintentionally changed to a standard date format. A similar problem occurs when a text happens to be in the form of a floating point notation of a number. In these cases the original exact text cannot be recovered from the result. In the case of entering this is a well known problem in the analysis of , for example in. The problem was first described in 2004. Filenames Microsoft Excel will not open two documents with the same name and instead will display the following error: A document with the name '%s' is already open. You cannot open two documents with the same name, even if the documents are in different folders. To open the second document, either close the document that is currently open, or rename one of the documents. The reason is for calculation ambiguity with linked cells. Numeric precision Excel maintains 15 figures in its numbers, but they are not always accurate: the bottom line should be the same as the top line. Despite the use of 15-figure precision, Excel can display many more figures up to thirty upon user request. But the displayed figures are not those actually used in its computations, and so, for example, the difference of two numbers may differ from the difference of their displayed values. Although such departures are usually beyond the 15th decimal, exceptions do occur, especially for very large or very small numbers. Serious errors can occur if decisions are made based upon automated comparisons of numbers for example, using the Excel If function , as equality of two numbers can be unpredictable. Although this number has a decimal representation that is an infinite string of ones, Excel displays only the leading 15 figures. In the second line, the number one is added to the fraction, and again Excel displays only 15 figures. In the third line, one is subtracted from the sum using Excel. Because the sum in the second line has only eleven 1's after the decimal, the difference when 1 is subtracted from this displayed value is three 0's followed by a string of eleven 1's. However, the difference reported by Excel in the third line is three 0's followed by a string of thirteen 1's and two extra erroneous digits. This is because Excel calculates with about half a digit more than it displays. Excel works with a modified 1985 version of the. Excel's implementation involves conversions between binary and decimal representations, leading to accuracy that is on average better than one would expect from simple fifteen digit precision, but that can be worse. See the main article for details. Besides accuracy in user computations, the question of accuracy in Excel-provided functions may be raised. Particularly in the arena of statistical functions, Excel has been criticized for sacrificing accuracy for speed of calculation. As many calculations in Excel are executed using , an additional issue is the accuracy of VBA, which varies with variable type and user-requested precision. Content type auto-detection In 2004 scientists reported automatic and inadvertent conversion of into dates. Excel parses the copied and pasted data and sometimes changes them depending on what it thinks they are. For example, gets converted to the date March 1 1-Mar and is converted into September 2 2-Sep etc. While some secondary news sources reported this as a fault with Excel, the original authors of the 2016 paper placed the blame with the researchers mis-using Excel. Early history Microsoft originally marketed a spreadsheet program called in 1982. Multiplan became very popular on systems, but on systems it lost popularity to. Microsoft released the first version of Excel for the Macintosh on September 30, 1985, and the first Windows version was 2. Lotus was slow to bring 1-2-3 to Windows and by the early 1990s Excel had started to outsell 1-2-3 and helped Microsoft achieve its position as a leading PC software developer. This accomplishment solidified Microsoft as a valid competitor and showed its future of developing software. Microsoft maintained its advantage with regular new releases, every two years or so. Microsoft Windows Excel 2. Versions prior to 2. This included a run-time version of Windows. Also, an in Excel 4. VBA is a powerful addition to the application and includes a fully featured IDE. The language supports use but not creation of 's; later versions add support for class modules allowing the use of basic techniques. The automation functionality provided by VBA made Excel a target for. This caused serious problems until antivirus products began to detect these viruses. Internal rewrite to 32-bits. Almost no external changes, but faster and more stable. This was a major upgrade that introduced the paper clip office assistant and featured standard VBA used instead of internal Excel Basic. It introduced the now-removed Natural Language labels. This version of Excel includes a flight simulator as an. This was a minor upgrade, but introduced an upgrade to the clipboard where it can hold multiple objects at once. The Office Assistant, whose frequent unsolicited appearance in Excel 97 had annoyed many users, became less intrusive. Minor enhancements, most significant being the new Tables. This release was a major upgrade from the previous version. Similar to other updated Office products, Excel in 2007 used the new menu system. This was different from what users were used to, and was met with mixed reactions. One study reported fairly good acceptance by users except highly experienced users and users of word processing applications with a classical , but was less convinced in terms of efficiency and organisation. Added functionality included the set of editable business diagrams. Also added was an improved management of named variables through the Name Manager, and much improved flexibility in formatting graphs, which allow x, y coordinate labeling and lines of arbitrary weight. Several improvements to pivot tables were introduced. Also like other office products, the file formats were introduced, including. Specifically, many of the size limitations of previous versions were greatly increased. To illustrate, the number of rows was now 1,048,576 2 20 and columns was 16,384 2 14; the far-right column is XFD. This changes what is a valid A1 reference versus a named range. Both programs were packaged in Microsoft Office by this time. Discontinued subseries of Microsoft Excel, which is otherwise still an actively developed program. Excel offers many tweaks over the earliest electronic spreadsheets; however, the essence remains the same as in the original spreadsheet software, : the program displays cells organized in rows and columns, and each cell may contain data or a formula, with relative or absolute references to other cells. Unlike Microsoft Word, there never was a DOS version of Excel. Excel became the first spreadsheet to allow the user to define the appearance of spreadsheets fonts, character attributes and cell appearance. It also introduced intelligent cell recomputation, where only cells dependent on the cell being modified are updated previous spreadsheet programs recomputed everything all the time or waited for a specific user command. Excel introduced auto-fill, the ability to drag and expand the selection box to automatically copy cell or row contents to adjacent cells or rows, adjusting the copies intelligently by automatically incrementing cell references or contents. Excel also introduced extensive graphing capabilities. Because Excel is widely used, it has been attacked by hackers. While Excel is not directly exposed to the Internet, if an attacker can get a victim to open a file in Excel, and there is an appropriate security bug in Excel, then the attacker can get control of the victim's computer. UK's has a tool named TORNADO ALLEY with this purpose. Retrieved January 12, 2016. Retrieved February 7, 2013. Retrieved December 29, 2017. Excellent examples are developed that show just how applications can be designed. Archived from on February 21, 2009. Retrieved April 7, 2010. See, for example, Austerlitz, Howard 2003. Microsoft Help and Support. Retrieved December 14, 2010. Microsoft Excel accepts a number of optional switches that you can use to control how the program starts. This article lists the switches and provides a description of each switch. Retrieved 4 November 2018. Retrieved 4 November 2018. Retrieved 4 November 2018. Press; Teukolsky, Saul A. Code conversion to Basic from Fortran probably is easier than from C++, so the 2nd edition may be easier to use, or the Basic code implementation of the first edition: Sprott, Julien C. Retrieved July 8, 2012. Archived from on September 21, 2016. Retrieved July 29, 2015. Compatibility among multiple versions of Excel is also a downfall of this method. A macro recorder in Excel 2010 may not work in Excel 2003 or older. This is most common when changing colours and formatting of cells. Revised by Jan Karel Pieterse ed. Retrieved December 19, 2012. Retrieved December 19, 2012. Retrieved April 10, 2008. Retrieved November 10, 2008. Microsoft Excel 2002 Technical Articles. Retrieved November 10, 2008. Microsoft — David Gainer. Retrieved January 2, 2009. External data is accessed through a connection file, such as an Office Data Connection ODC file. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Addison-Wesley. To create a robust solution, we always have to include some VBA code... The Proceedings of ISECON Information System Educator Conference. Archived from PDF on August 21, 2010. Retrieved February 5, 2010. Microsoft Query is a data retrieval tool i. ODBC browser that can be employed within Excel 97. It allows a user to create and save queries on external relational databases for which an ODBC driver is available. Retrieved April 24, 2013. Retrieved April 24, 2013. Archived from on March 26, 2013. Retrieved April 24, 2013. Retrieved April 24, 2013. University of Massachusetts School of Public Health. Retrieved November 10, 2008. Archived from on April 18, 2010. Retrieved April 8, 2010. Comments are provided from readers that may illuminate some remaining problems. Retrieved November 10, 2008. Retrieved November 10, 2008. Retrieved November 10, 2008. Retrieved November 10, 2008. Retrieved November 10, 2008. Retrieved March 26, 2012. Retrieved July 2, 2010. Archived from on August 30, 2016. Retrieved July 27, 2013. Retrieved November 5, 2013. Retrieved July 29, 2006. Retrieved May 28, 2013. Microsoft Office Excel 2007 inside out. Indianapolis, Indiana: Wiley Publishing, Inc. Retrieved November 23, 2013. Retrieved January 25, 2014. Retrieved November 23, 2013. Archived from on December 3, 2013. Retrieved November 23, 2013. Retrieved November 23, 2013. Retrieved November 23, 2013. Retrieved August 16, 2015. Retrieved December 29, 2017. Retrieved July 29, 2015. Archived from on April 11, 2013. Retrieved August 1, 2013.

You cannot open two documents with the same name, even if the documents are in different folders. To outdo is to make more successful effort than others: to outdo competitors in the high jump. Microsoft — David Gainer. Students can learn how to use Excel with specific examples. Click on the Insert Function tab on the formula what is excel. Retrieved November 10, 2008. While Excel is not directly exposed to the Internet, if an attacker can get a victim to open a file in Excel, and there is an appropriate security bug in Excel, then the attacker can get control of the victim's computer. Retrieved January 12, 2016.